Virginia Chu received her Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering in 1989 from Princeton University. Following her degree, she was a post-doctoral fellow at LPICM, Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France. Since 1990, she has been part of the Research Staff of INESC MN where she is a member of the Directorial board and co-responsible of the thin film MEMS and BioMEMS research group. Her present research interests include thin film microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) for sensors and actuators and integration of thin film technology to biological applications.